Chief Smoke and his family

[tomfc]

Smoke's name was recalled more than once in connection with Indians who toured Great Britain with Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show in 1891.

One of his daughters was Calls the Name. She married Black Heart in Manchester, England, in August 1891. Her nephew, John Shangrau, was the mixed blood interpreter "in charge of hostile Indians" on the tour. John married Lillie Orr of Liverpool at Glasgow, Scotland, on 4th January 1892. His mother's maiden name was given as Smoke.

John Nelson, who was also in Great Britain during Buffalo Bill's 1887-88 and 1891-92 seasons, and again during the London summer season in 1892, had an Indian wife
whom he called Jennie by whom he had several mixed-blood children. In his biography, which came out in paperback form in 2011, John identifies Jennie's father as Smoke.

This information is given from memory and I can provide more details for anyone who wants them. It is also my understanding (from Hyde) that Smoke was a nephew of Red Cloud and an uncle of Crazy Horse.  
    

[Dietmar]

Thank you tomfc,

and welcome. This is Nellie Nelson:



Calls the Name aka Calls Her Name was one of the women in the Fort Sheridan prisoner group that were send with Cody to tour Europe in 1891.
She is in the big group photo of the prisoners, see also here:

amertribes.proboards.com/thread/2184/lakota-prisoners-fort-sheridan-cody



Calls Her Name by F.A. Rinehart

Black Heart married her as a widow, 44 years of age.

[Dietmar]

kkarns has sent me two more portraits of Calls Her Name:








Thank ou Kim!

[chadron]

I am looking for more information/corrections anything on some of my family history. I will post my grandparents and some of the information I have gathered. My great great grandparents were Peter Shangreau and Lucy Janis. Peter Shangreau's parents were Jules Shangreau and an Oglala named Mary Smoke, maybe Breathwind, need help. He had a brother Louis and according to Thomas Power's book The Killing of Crazy Horse, was the son of Jules Shangreau and an Oglala woman related to Red Cloud. Jules had another son John Shangreaux. Mary Langfald, curator of collections at the Wyoming State Museum in Cheyenne, says in a Billings newspaper about the Shangreaux collection at the museum, "According to information Langfald provided, Shangreaux was born at Fort Laramie in the 1850s to Mary Smoke, daughter of the Oglala Sioux chief Old Smoke." If Wendyll is still around, I'm sure he will not agree. Any help is greatly appreciated.

Lucy Janises parents were Joseph Antoine Janis and First Elk Woman, maybe Featherman..The June Rise: The Apocryphal Letters of Joseph Antoine Janis by William Trembley is historical fiction but it is a good read and seems to be well researched. The account of John Richard jr killing Yellow Bear is in there, as Janises son Peter is supposedly the one egging John jr on. Anyways this book mentions Antoine marrying First Elk Woman, daughter of Old Smoke. Also says she was Swift Hawks brother, who was Old Smokes eldest son. Again this book is historical fiction and I have no idea how accurate it is with the family. According to Dr. James Hanson, of the Museum of the Fur Trade, wrote an article The Black Hills Fur Traders, appearing in a Fall/Winter 2007 Museum of the Fur Trade Quarterly, says "There were two Missouri French Brothers. Nicholas and Antoine Janis. Antoine was known to the Sioux as "Yellow Hair all Mussed Up" and was married to a sister of Red Cloud. Nicholas was known as "Long White Man" and married Red Cloud's niece. I don't have much oral family history to go on so have been using google, ancestry.com, this site, and books to try and get my try together and find the wives my fur trading grandpas had.

My other grandparents were William Allman and Louisa Richard. Louisa's parents I have as Joseph L. Richard and Julia Fast Whirlwind. I believe Joseph L. Richard is the one that is known as Louis Richard in literature and sources, but again not sure. I believe he is the son of John Richard Sr. Brother John jr the one who killed Yellow Bear. Spelled like it sounds sometimes too, Reshaw. Anyways I have found that John Baptiste Richard married a Mary Gardiner, daughter of William Gardiner and White Thunder Woman. "Many whites in the Fort Laramie region were married to Sioux, but Richard's connections among the Oglala were unusually deep. The mother of the clan was Richard's wife Mary Gardiner, born in 1827, the mixed-blood daughter of the white trader William Gardiner and the Oglala White Thunder Woman. Mary Richard was already the mother of two sons who later became noted men among the Oglala--Rocky Bear, who took his father's name, and Black Tiger. White Thunder Woman was a sister of the Oglala chief Smoke, and of Walks as She Thinks, the mother of Red Cloud, which meant that her daughter Mary was connected by blood or marriage to half of the leading men of the Northern Oglala--a network of uncles, brothers , cousins, and nephews who all fought the whites in the Bozeman War."(The Killing of Crazy Horse, Powers, p.46)

Anyways, just seeing what other information and thoughts are out there. I am fascinated by my family history as it is unique and interesting. Also some dark parts, as they were involved in the Yellow Bear incident. "Richard planned to stop off first at the fort with some friends--Louise Shangreau and Pete Janis, the son and nephew, respectively, of two-longtime Laramie-region traders, Antoine Janis and his brother Nicholas, both "Missouri Frenchmen" from St. Charles. Richard, Shangreau, and Janis all were in their twenties, all had Oglala mothers, and all were armed on this day."(Powers,p.48.) Just seeing what thoughts are on their mothers relations.

Thank you,
Rusty Zephier

[khm1174]

Apr 27, 2015 11:32:26 GMT -5 chadron said:

I am looking for more information/corrections anything on some of my family history. I will post my grandparents and some of the information I have gathered. My great great grandparents were Peter Shangreau and Lucy Janis. Peter Shangreau's parents were Jules Shangreau and an Oglala named Mary Smoke, maybe Breathwind, need help. He had a brother Louis and according to Thomas Power's book The Killing of Crazy Horse, was the son of Jules Shangreau and an Oglala woman related to Red Cloud. Jules had another son John Shangreaux. Mary Langfald, curator of collections at the Wyoming State Museum in Cheyenne, says in a Billings newspaper about the Shangreaux collection at the museum, "According to information Langfald provided, Shangreaux was born at Fort Laramie in the 1850s to Mary Smoke, daughter of the Oglala Sioux chief Old Smoke." If Wendyll is still around, I'm sure he will not agree. Any help is greatly appreciated.

Lucy Janises parents were Joseph Antoine Janis and First Elk Woman, maybe Featherman..The June Rise: The Apocryphal Letters of Joseph Antoine Janis by William Trembley is historical fiction but it is a good read and seems to be well researched. The account of John Richard jr killing Yellow Bear is in there, as Janises son Peter is supposedly the one egging John jr on. Anyways this book mentions Antoine marrying First Elk Woman, daughter of Old Smoke. Also says she was Swift Hawks brother, who was Old Smokes eldest son. Again this book is historical fiction and I have no idea how accurate it is with the family. According to Dr. James Hanson, of the Museum of the Fur Trade, wrote an article The Black Hills Fur Traders, appearing in a Fall/Winter 2007 Museum of the Fur Trade Quarterly, says "There were two Missouri French Brothers. Nicholas and Antoine Janis. Antoine was known to the Sioux as "Yellow Hair all Mussed Up" and was married to a sister of Red Cloud. Nicholas was known as "Long White Man" and married Red Cloud's niece. I don't have much oral family history to go on so have been using google, ancestry.com, this site, and books to try and get my try together and find the wives my fur trading grandpas had.

My other grandparents were William Allman and Louisa Richard. Louisa's parents I have as Joseph L. Richard and Julia Fast Whirlwind. I believe Joseph L. Richard is the one that is known as Louis Richard in literature and sources, but again not sure. I believe he is the son of John Richard Sr. Brother John jr the one who killed Yellow Bear. Spelled like it sounds sometimes too, Reshaw. Anyways I have found that John Baptiste Richard married a Mary Gardiner, daughter of William Gardiner and White Thunder Woman. "Many whites in the Fort Laramie region were married to Sioux, but Richard's connections among the Oglala were unusually deep. The mother of the clan was Richard's wife Mary Gardiner, born in 1827, the mixed-blood daughter of the white trader William Gardiner and the Oglala White Thunder Woman. Mary Richard was already the mother of two sons who later became noted men among the Oglala--Rocky Bear, who took his father's name, and Black Tiger. White Thunder Woman was a sister of the Oglala chief Smoke, and of Walks as She Thinks, the mother of Red Cloud, which meant that her daughter Mary was connected by blood or marriage to half of the leading men of the Northern Oglala--a network of uncles, brothers , cousins, and nephews who all fought the whites in the Bozeman War."(The Killing of Crazy Horse, Powers, p.46)

Anyways, just seeing what other information and thoughts are out there. I am fascinated by my family history as it is unique and interesting. Also some dark parts, as they were involved in the Yellow Bear incident. "Richard planned to stop off first at the fort with some friends--Louise Shangreau and Pete Janis, the son and nephew, respectively, of two-longtime Laramie-region traders, Antoine Janis and his brother Nicholas, both "Missouri Frenchmen" from St. Charles. Richard, Shangreau, and Janis all were in their twenties, all had Oglala mothers, and all were armed on this day."(Powers,p.48.) Just seeing what thoughts are on their mothers relations.

Thank you,
Rusty Zephier

Rusty, I think you need to speak with my dad. He has been working on our family geneology as well and it seems we might be from the same blood... my great (x2) gmother was sa

[khm1174]

Was rosa o'rourke (shangreau). Her parents were julian louis & louise janis. Julian goes back to jules shangreau & breath wind. Louise janis goes back to nicholas janis & martha he bear who goes back to old smoke & brown eyes....or so we think. Lol Its definetly a work in progresd.

[jstover]

I hope someone can help me with some much needed info. I am trying to confirm whether or not my husband's 3rd Great Grandmother Susie Smoke Robinson was indeed the daughter of Chief Smoke. I was told that her mother was Burnt Her Woman; one of Chief Smoke's wives. I was also told Big Mouth and Blue Horse were her twin brothers. Susie Smoke Robinson was married to a white man named James Eli Robinson who died in 1868 after he accidentally shot himself. Susie is the mother of Jenny Robinson who Married George Linas Stover; their son Edward Stover married Susie Swallow; Their son Loyal Edison Stover married Verna Elmquist; their son Dennis Edward Stover married Judy Goettlicher; Their son Jonathan Paul Stover is my husband. It's been an uphill battle trying to get his American Indian lineage right. Would it be safe to say that there were more children not documented in the history books that belonged to Chief Smoke?

I was also told that Susie Smoke Robinson was first married to William Robinson the brother of James Eli Robinson: nobody seems to know what happened to William. But, they had two Children; Louise and Jenny Blue Blanket Robinson. Jenny BB Robinson married a Goodwin. James and Susie's children were William Robinson, Jenny Robinson Stover, Sally Robinson Lone Hill, I think her husband's name was Amos?,  and Kate Robinson Rooks who married Joseph O. Rooks and had 15 kids.

Thanks
J. Stover

[akicita]

What is the total bloodline of the sister of Smoke, the woman named Bega I've heard multiple stories and I'd like to find the truth. Because as far as I can tell Bega is White Cow Woman she had a son for Black Buffalo.

Lone Horn
Reign 1790–1877
Successor Chief Spotted Elk
Born 1790
Died 1877
Bear Butte
Spouse Sand Bar
Issue Spotted Elk
Father Black Buffalo
Mother White Cow Woman

Lone Horn had a son:
Touch the clouds

Successor Amos Charging First
Born c. 1838
Died September 5, 1905 (aged 66–67)
Cheyenne Riverside Indian Reservation, South Dakota
Spouse Spotted on the Ground
Father Lone Horn
Mother Stands on the Ground

Touch the clouds had a son:

Hook Nose (Cheyenne: Vóhko'xénéhe,[1] also spelled Woqini and Woquini), historically better known as Roman Nose (c. 1823 – September 17, 1868), was a Native American of the Northern Cheyenne.

Then how many wives and from what tribes did Hook Nose have wives?

Bega is Also listed as having been Married to a Frenchman " unknown Dion" #1884 then Having Spotted Bear aka Badface. Circa 1830 #1880. The story I was told is that she was captured, traded,stolen or given to a man that took her South. Is that black buffalo? Is Black Buffalo her Second husband and did she then take the name White Cow Woman? I know there are Bega's ,Spotted Bears and Roman Nose all from current day Oklahoma, are they all off springs of this blood line?

[debstar76]

I've read in The Autobiography of Red Cloud War Leader of the Oglalas, Edited by R.Eli Paul, on page 13, on Samuel Deon. mentions in Note #25. that George Hyde (the interviewer) stated that Deon was married to Bega Smokes sister. White Cow woman married BlackBuffalo, She is an entirely different sister...

[jones]

May 10, 2015 3:50:48 GMT -5 khm1174 said:

Apr 27, 2015 11:32:26 GMT -5 chadron said:

I am looking for more information/corrections anything on some of my family history. I will post my grandparents and some of the information I have gathered. My great great grandparents were Peter Shangreau and Lucy Janis. Peter Shangreau's parents were Jules Shangreau and an Oglala named Mary Smoke, maybe Breathwind, need help. He had a brother Louis and according to Thomas Power's book The Killing of Crazy Horse, was the son of Jules Shangreau and an Oglala woman related to Red Cloud. Jules had another son John Shangreaux. Mary Langfald, curator of collections at the Wyoming State Museum in Cheyenne, says in a Billings newspaper about the Shangreaux collection at the museum, "According to information Langfald provided, Shangreaux was born at Fort Laramie in the 1850s to Mary Smoke, daughter of the Oglala Sioux chief Old Smoke." If Wendyll is still around, I'm sure he will not agree. Any help is greatly appreciated.

Lucy Janises parents were Joseph Antoine Janis and First Elk Woman, maybe Featherman..The June Rise: The Apocryphal Letters of Joseph Antoine Janis by William Trembley is historical fiction but it is a good read and seems to be well researched. The account of John Richard jr killing Yellow Bear is in there, as Janises son Peter is supposedly the one egging John jr on. Anyways this book mentions Antoine marrying First Elk Woman, daughter of Old Smoke. Also says she was Swift Hawks brother, who was Old Smokes eldest son. Again this book is historical fiction and I have no idea how accurate it is with the family. According to Dr. James Hanson, of the Museum of the Fur Trade, wrote an article The Black Hills Fur Traders, appearing in a Fall/Winter 2007 Museum of the Fur Trade Quarterly, says "There were two Missouri French Brothers. Nicholas and Antoine Janis. Antoine was known to the Sioux as "Yellow Hair all Mussed Up" and was married to a sister of Red Cloud. Nicholas was known as "Long White Man" and married Red Cloud's niece. I don't have much oral family history to go on so have been using google, ancestry.com, this site, and books to try and get my try together and find the wives my fur trading grandpas had.

My other grandparents were William Allman and Louisa Richard. Louisa's parents I have as Joseph L. Richard and Julia Fast Whirlwind. I believe Joseph L. Richard is the one that is known as Louis Richard in literature and sources, but again not sure. I believe he is the son of John Richard Sr. Brother John jr the one who killed Yellow Bear. Spelled like it sounds sometimes too, Reshaw. Anyways I have found that John Baptiste Richard married a Mary Gardiner, daughter of William Gardiner and White Thunder Woman. "Many whites in the Fort Laramie region were married to Sioux, but Richard's connections among the Oglala were unusually deep. The mother of the clan was Richard's wife Mary Gardiner, born in 1827, the mixed-blood daughter of the white trader William Gardiner and the Oglala White Thunder Woman. Mary Richard was already the mother of two sons who later became noted men among the Oglala--Rocky Bear, who took his father's name, and Black Tiger. White Thunder Woman was a sister of the Oglala chief Smoke, and of Walks as She Thinks, the mother of Red Cloud, which meant that her daughter Mary was connected by blood or marriage to half of the leading men of the Northern Oglala--a network of uncles, brothers , cousins, and nephews who all fought the whites in the Bozeman War."(The Killing of Crazy Horse, Powers, p.46)

Anyways, just seeing what other information and thoughts are out there. I am fascinated by my family history as it is unique and interesting. Also some dark parts, as they were involved in the Yellow Bear incident. "Richard planned to stop off first at the fort with some friends--Louise Shangreau and Pete Janis, the son and nephew, respectively, of two-longtime Laramie-region traders, Antoine Janis and his brother Nicholas, both "Missouri Frenchmen" from St. Charles. Richard, Shangreau, and Janis all were in their twenties, all had Oglala mothers, and all were armed on this day."(Powers,p.48.) Just seeing what thoughts are on their mothers relations.

Thank you,
Rusty Zephier

Rusty, I think you need to speak with my dad. He has been working on our family geneology as well and it seems we might be from the same blood... my great (x2) gmother was sa

[jones]

Julian Shangreau came to Kansas when the Kansas Territory was carved out of the Indian Territory in 1854. He and his wife were here for a few years (at least through 1858)
I've been in contact with one of his descendants who has done considerable genealogical research (including DNA testing). The name has morphed considerably through generations. As I recall, she said the earliest version in Canada was Gingras. That was corrupted to Jangro, which was Julian Shangreau's father's name, and variations of that name were spelled Jangreau and Gangro. She explained how the variations developed. She said G was often pronounce as J in French, and G or J can sometimes have a "sh" sound, which is how the name Shangreau came into existence. I believe she said the name Shangreau began with Julian, therefore anybody with that name were his descendants.
I have two different photographs of Julian's son, Louis, that were taken with the delegation that visited DC in 1891.
Julian's history in Kansas is so horrific it hard to believe, and I'll address that later. My contact gave me a lot of Julian Shangreau's genealogical data.
Julian came here (Kansas) from Laramie with James McCloskey, Sr.. He was also married to a Sioux, and I would like to know if his son (an interpreter who went to Washington DC with Red Cloud) had his picture taken with that 1870 delegation. James McCloskey, Jr. was murdered by Mitch Boyer shortly after he returned. It appears that he had a one or two year old son when he was murdered. If I am correct, that son attended Carlisle Indian Industrial school when he was thirteen-years-old in 1884 He was listed as a member of the Loafer band. His father was listed as dead and mother listed as living.
More about that as well.

[jones]

I incorrectly cited the year that the boy, James McCloskey, entered Carlisle. As I said earlier, I think the thirteen-year-old boy was James McCloskey's son. The boy's father appears to have been the guy who was murdered by Mitch Boyer after he returned with the 1870 delegation to Washington DC.
The James McCloskey, who was murdered by Boyer, had a father named James McCloskey as well, so if I am correct, the boy at Carlisle would have been the third generation to have that name. The boy's grandfather was a clerk at Fort Platte working for Pratte & Cabanne.
carlisleindian.dickinson.edu/student_files/james-mccloskey-student-file
James McCloskey Student File
Student file of James McCloskey, a member of the Sioux Nation, who entered the school on November 30, 1882 and departed on June 13, 1887. The file contains a student information card listing two outings, and a report after leaving indicating that he was working as a rancher in 1910. 
James McCloskey Student File
Year of Entry: 1882 
Nation: SiouxSioux (Loafer)
People: McCloskey, JamesCress, WilliamRon, George
Document Types in this File: Report After LeavingStudent Information Card
Repository: National Archives and Records Administration
Location: 
RG 75, Series 1327, box 37, folder 1800
No known copyright restrictions

[kingsleybray]

thanks, jones, that's very interesting. I hadn't realised there were three generations of James McCloskey's. I assumed the man killed by Boyer in 1870 was the same man referenced in the 1840s working at Ft Platte.

James McCloskey the second was killed by John Boyer, not Mich. The two were half brothers.

[jones]

Thanks for correcting me. Yes, it was John, not Mitch who murdered McCloskey. I was typing off the top of my head without using my notes. It has been a long time since I compiled Boyer data. I never did figure out for whom Boyer River was named, but it was probably named for Mitch Boyer's grandfather, Antoine, who is mentioned on page 10 of the book linked below.
books.google.com/books?id=2wXFvLZrO78C&pg=PA9&lpg=PA9#v=onepage&q&f=true
Lewis & Clark mentioned the Boyers River in their journals and it is on their map.
upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Nodaway-lewis.jpg
Boyers River is also shown on Major Long's map. It  drains from the northeast into the Missouri River  at Cantonment Engineer.
www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~916~60079:Country-drained-by-the-Mississippi-
But, I've strayed from the topic -- Chief Smoke.
Julian Shangreau's wife, Wyela, was a sister to Woman Dress. I think that would make her Smoke's granddaughter (if she was a full sister).
Julian's son, Louis was married to Louise Janis, one Nicholas Janis and Martha He Bear's daughters. Martha He Bear was reportedly He Bear's daughter.
Louise Janis's sister, Felicia, married Billy Garnett, and her sister, Emily, married John Richaud (AKA John Richard)
I don't know what the senior James MCloskey did in the Laramie area after Fort Platte shut down. His biographical sketch in Cutler's History of the State of Kansas is full of misidentified people and places, and it says he went to Fort Platte with Sibille & Adams in 1839, but Sibille & Adams didn't become partners until 1841, so 1841 is probably the correct year. 
I'm sure you know Sibille & Adams were traders for Pratte & Cabanne, and they, just like John Richaud and Lancaster Lupton, were notorious moonshine smugglers. It is quite possible that McCloskey was with Sibille in 1841 when dragoons from Ft. Leavenworth caught him smuggling grain alcohol to Ft. Platte. He was detained for a short time, but was eventually allowed to continue west with his barrels of alcohol.
It is said that alcohol was a contributing factor to Bull Bear's murder. Fights resulting in deaths broke out so frequently between the rival factions of Smoke & Bull Bear that their alcohol was laced with opium in an effort to sedate them.
  McCloskey probably worked for Chouteau at Fort Laramie and then for the US government after Chouteau sold it. Whatever the case, he remained out there until 1854, at which time he came to the Kansas Territory and became our first County clerk. He lived at Marysville, Kansas until he died there at a relatively old age. He outlived his wife, Monie-waka "Medicine Eagle" and all of his children except for one daughter, Julia, who taught school at Pine Ridge. She was married to a Kocer.
His son, James Jr., as mentioned earlier, was murdered at a young age; his son, Henry, was an interpreter at Fort Halleck, and was killed (under unknown circumstances) at "Cottonwood Station" (Gerat Hollenberg's outfitting station on the Oregon-California Trail); his son, Charles, was killed while mishandling a gun when he was a school boy, and his daughter, Eda, died when she was a schoolgirl. 

[jones]

Now I'll make an attempt to describe an incident that relates to Julian Shangreau when he lived in Kansas. As the story goes, In 1854, two French-Americans (Shangreau & LaRoche) came to Kansas with James McCloskey. All three men had Sioux wives, and they'd come from Siouan lands in the vicinity of Fort Laramie. McCloskey settled down on the Big Blue River at Marysville, whereas Shangreau & LaRoche settled 20 miles southeast of there on a tributary of the Blue, where the Independence branch of the Oregon Trail crossed that tributary (Black Vermillion River). A French-American named Louis Tremble was already living there taking advantage of the Western migration by operating a toll-crossing and a blacksmith shop.
  Julian Shangreau's name was listed on the polling rolls from 1855 to at least 1858, and it isn't clear when he returned to Laramie, but the cause for his exit was an attack by Kaw (Konza) Indians. Kaws captured his. wife's sister (another sister of Woman Dress?), took her all the way to their villages and sacrificed her in a manner that resembled the old Skiddi-Pawnee Morning Star ritual.  It wasn't unusual for unrelated tribes to share rituals. The Oto were the only upper-plains tribe to practice the peyote ritual (as cited by Major Long in 1819), but several tribes (including the Kaw) adopted that ritual in the 1880s. The Pawnees had already abandoned their horrific fertility rite two decades earlier, and why the Kaws would have been compelled to adopt it might have been their dismal living conditions.
  Delisle Map (1718) shows Kaw villages extended from the Missouri River to western tributaries of the Kansas "Kaw" River.
www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~248276~5516036
  The main Kaw  villiage was on the Missouri River through the 1700s, but from the late 1700s to the 1830s, their main village was located at the confluence of the Blue Earth (Now Big Blue) River & the Kaw (Kansas) Rivers (present-day Manhattan Kansas).
Major Long's map shows their village there:
www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~916~60079
  The soils in those valleys are among the most fertile on earth. Kaw gardens yielded ample pumpkins, squash, corn &c. to supplement their diet of meat. When Major Sibley visited them in 1811 he described numerous deer, elk and antelope in close proximity to their village.
  Conditions changed in 1825 when numerous "immigrant tribes" were brought into their homeland and they themselves were forced to live on a reservation. Augustus Mitchell's "A New Map of Texas Oregon and California, (1846) shows how the Kaws were crowded out by immigrant tribes. This map may also be handy for your discussions of Sioux events.
www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~238~20003
 Well anyway, conditions got seriously worse for the Kaws when they were forced to leave the Blue Earth-Kansas River Valleys in 1846. Their former reservation was given to immigrant tribes (primarily the Potawatomie) and they were forced to live on the uplands of the Flint Hills. Then their living conditions took a more dramatic downward spiral in 1854 when the Kansas Territory was carved out of the Indian Territory. White squatters occupied and fenced the limited fertile valleys in their reservation on the head waters of the Neosho River and wild game had vanished. Severe droughts compounded their problems and starvation had become common during the time when Julian Shangreau lived in southern Marshall County Kansas.
  Shangreau lived where the Oregon Trail branched south of the Black Vermillion River. The western fork of the trail (the Independence branch) led to Alcove Spring in the Blue River Valley and a newer eastern branch led to Marysville. Shangreau lived near Tremble at the Independence Trail crossing. Kansas extended west to the continental divide during our territorial period. Otis B. Gunn's 1859 "Kansas & the Gold Mines" shows (but doesn't label) the Oregon trail through Marshall & Pottawatomie Counties. His map also shows where the diminished Kaw Reservation was located (roughly 90 miles straight south of eastern Marshall County). 
www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~1824~180033
  Here is a link to the full story. Shangreau's name was misspelled Changreau, but other territorial documents show his name spelled with an S and his first name was Julian (spelled Gulian on some documents)
The story includes the name John D. Wells. Wells was the most respected and influential settler in the county, and although Cutler didn't say who contributed the story, I believe it was Wells.
www.kancoll.org/books/cutler/marshall/marshall-co-p2.html
I live in the Big Blue (Blue Earth) Valley, and my brother lives where Shangreau lived in the Black Vermillion Valley. 
P.S. You have to turn your popup blocker off to get the maps to zoom in.