Afraid of hawk/Slow Bull

[bobyoung]

I have been trying for a couple years to sort out these two families as they appear in the census records of Pine Ridge and Standing Rock.

Pine Ridge - Slow Bull #3 (by the family's reckoning) born about 1820. He had at least 3 sons, i.e. Slow Bull #4, Afraid of Hawk and Poor Thunder. There is also a fourth son mentioned in some sources but I cannot find those notes right now. Afraid of Hawk, or Cetan Kokipapi, eventually was given the Christian name of Emil and is the acknowledged patriarch of the Afraid of Hawk tiyospaye on Pine Ridge (and also now Cheyenne River). Family stories place Emil at Little Big Horn with Sitting Bull but I've never seen his name mentioned in any of the recent research on that subject. His brother, Slow Bull #4 was born about 1844 and is found in most census records through 1900 as residing on Pine Ridge. Poor Thunder was born about 1851 and he, also, is found in most census records on Pine Ridge. All of the above families are listed as residing in the Wounded Knee District (and its predecessors).

Standing Rock - Mark Afraid of Hawk was born about 1851. He is found consistently on the Standing Rock census records. There is only one known son (thusfar) named Edward, and most Afraid of Hawk family members on Standing Rock today that did not migrate north from Pine Ridge or Cheyenne River now claim Mark as the patriarch of the Afraid of Hawk tiyospaye on Standing Rock. Family stories place Mark at Little Big Horn with Sitting Bull but, again, I've seen no mention of his name in research. Along with Mark there is yet another Slow Bull, born about 1841, living on Standing Rock in the 1889 and 1893 censuses. This Slow Bull is identified as a Lower Yanktonai Dakota.

Can anyone shed any additional light on these two groupings?? There are now claims that Emil and Mark were siblings - again with no discernible proof. Any thoughts or helpful suggestions would be appreciated.

[gregor]

Here's some more on the Afraid of Hawk Family:

ctexplored.org/rediscovering-albert-afraid-of-hawk/#prettyPhoto

According to the Indian Census Rolls 1885-1940, Albert Afraid of Hawk was born sometime between 1879 and 1881 on the Great Sioux Reservation. He was the third son of Emil Afraid of Hawk and his wife, White Mountain .The 1898 Indian census shows 19-year-old Albert living on the Pine Ridge Reservation with his grandfather Slow Bull, next door to his parents and siblings. Some time in the months that followed, Albert made his way to Omaha, Nebraska. Evidence shows his presence there was related either to the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition or the Indian Congress, both of which were held in Omaha from June 1 to November 1, 1898. About that time he joined Buffalo Bill’s Wild West. In July 1900 Albert died of food poisoning an was buried in Connecticut.
In 2012 Albert Afraid of Hawk was disinterred and laid to rest according to the Lakota tradition, at the Pine Ridge Reservation, near Manderson, South Dakota.

Toksha ake, Gregor

[gregor]

... and don't miss this side:

www.afraidofhawk.org/Afraid_of_Hawk/Bio.html

[bobyoung]

Thank you for the quick reply gregor. As FYI, I am the Connecticut history buff mentioned in the article and I am also the author of the webside www.afraidofhawk.org

Albert's present day family lives on Cheyenne River (in Dupree and Cherry Creek). They fear that without the research and information that I am trying to obtain the current and future generations will not know of their wonderful ancestry. Being somewhat a purist when it comes to research I tend to not leave any leaf unturned but also seek out the best available information. Much of the ancestry of Albert has come to me from another member of this Board through discussion with one of the medicine men on Pine Ridge with knowledge of the family.

There were, according to the family, four generations of men named Slow Bull. Many sources I have seen also state that these men were also called "Smoke" which begs the question - are we speaking of the same sequence of generations (as mentioned in another thread) for Chief Smoke?? Many dates and names in that thread match or are close to dates I have for the Slow Bull men. There is also a thread on this board about Slow Bull in which they are also called "Smoke".

Lastly is the perplexing question of whether or not Afraid of Hawk's and another Slow Bull found on Standing Rock are in any way related. I have my serious doubts but at least a couple of Albert's family insist that both Emil AOH and Mark AOH were with Sitting Bull in 1876 and therefore are siblings. Yeah, I know. Nebulous at best. But I'm seeking some type of research that clearly proves this false to hopefully placate the family. While I very much want to see such a detailed family history preserved for future generations I also want to see clearly erroneous material eliminated. There also was a Charles AOH who was a special police officer on Standing Rock who participated in the whole mess around the assassination of Sitting Bull.

Thanks again!!

[carlo]

I know I am (very) late to the party so not sure if still useful, but here is part of an interview with Mark Afraid of Hawk in Shields, ND, just outside of Standing Rock Reservation, in 1927, that sheds light on his family situation. I added my own comments between brackets.

"I was born near a place called Guyawayapa-agle, a place near Devils Lake, south and east from Devils Lake [North Dakota]. I am now at the age of seventy-six years [born 1851]. Father's name is Cetankokepapi [Afraid of Hawk] and mother's name is Cespumazawin [Iron Scale Woman]. Father had two wives and one of his wives he threw away as Indian fashion, and now the white people call divorce. From my own mother they were three boys and two girls. Today I am the only one from the Afraid of the Hawk family living and lived to be an old man."

"In this same battle [ca. mid-1870s] a brother of mine was killed, his name was Okutesica [Bad ...]."

"My grandfather's name was Wankatuyamani."

"Now I will tell you of the Sitting Bull fight [1890]. I was in the midst of this battle and seen the fight all the way through, seen the Indian police killed and many of the Sitting Bull Indians shot. The Indians went south and went to a place called Oglala [Wounded Knee] and the soldiers followed and nearly killed all the Indians. Some went north and today they still live in Canada. I was advised not to return but I returned to the Standing Rock and told my relatives that I was going to return and I did so. Since that time I have been under the jurisdiction of the government. I came back on the Standing Rock reservation about forty-five years ago."  [There is some confusion with the years and events here, but it seems clear that he lived in Canada and came back with the last returning Lakotas in 1881.]

[cinye80]

Carlo:
Huyawapaahdi is a mountain west of Carrington, ND  It is more closely located in the south east corner of Wells County, North Dakota.
The mountain corvers eight townships. It was called Chief's Bluff at the head of the james River in the 1867 Sisseton-Wahpeton Treaty.
(Huya = an old eagle; Wayapa = bite; Ahdi = brought back). A family had a pet egle who found a dead buffalo and brought back a piece of meat in its beak.
They released the eagle who led them to the buffalo, thus saving the snow / blizzard bound camp.
The present name on the maps is Hawk's Nest.
This location has a Little brother called Huyapahasunkaku. (Huya=old eagle; Paha = hill; Sunkaku= younger brother).
It is located near Hawks Nest called Brush Hills or Mount Moriah in the northwest part of Roosevelt Township, Wells County, ND.
LouieG.