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Post by gregor on Aug 15, 2023 12:18:31 GMT -5
Here the identification of the Arikara/Mandan delegation in Washington 1874 (1st attempt) Standing: Scarred / Running Face (Mandan), Charles Papineau (interpreter), Lyman B. Sperry (Agent), Peter Beauchamp Jr. (interpreter) Sitting: Lance aka Dance Flag (Mandan), Bad Gun (Mandan), Son-of-the-Star (Arikara), Bull Head (Arikara), Black Fox (Arikara)
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Post by gregor on Aug 15, 2023 12:03:30 GMT -5
board administrator Dietmar confirmed the identity as Rushing Bear, also known as Son-of-the-Star, head chief of the Arikara - seemingly the Smithsonian and the Library of Congress have the attribution wrong as "Rushing Eagle, Sioux". The Library of Congress, the Smithsonian and the New York Public Library have other photographs of Rushing Bear correctly identified: Arikara and Mandan Delegation to Washington 1874 - click onto image to enlarge, Rushing Bear is in front row, seated, center View Attachmentby Stanley J. Morrow, ca. 1870 - click onto images to enlargeView AttachmentView Attachmentunknown photographer, ca. 1870's - click onto image to enlargeView AttachmentI'm unsure if the man in the second photo by Morrow is actually Rushing Bear. I have / know the man so far as Two Crow(s)
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Post by gregor on Aug 15, 2023 11:59:00 GMT -5
And again Rushing Bear at Carlisle in 1880. Left to right: Brother-to-All, Like the Bear, Lean Wolf, Rushing Bear aka Son-of-the-Star and American Horse (Oglala) with interpreters John Smith (?) and John Bridgeman
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Post by gregor on May 12, 2023 10:11:23 GMT -5
the man seated on the left looks similar to Trager ? click onto image to enlargeView AttachmentMorledge or Trager? Marshal George Bartlett, owner of the post office/store Louis Mousseau, Anthropologist and writer Warren King Moorhead and an Indian soldier/policeman - in Mousseau's store, which served as a base for journalists during the Ghost Dance 1890-91 Most of the well-known Wounded Knee photos were taken by Gus Trager or Clarence Grant Moreledge ("CGM"!), who was living at the Pine Ridge agency at the time. Morledge, who worked for the Omaha World-Herald collaborated with Trager to sell the pictures. Some photographs clearly attributable to Morledge appeared on Trager mounts.
However, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish Trager photos from Morledge photos. Trager was about 29/30 years old at the turn of the year 1890/91. Clarence Morledge ( * 1865 † 1948 ) was about 24 years old at that time (see photo). I therefore suspect that the photo with Bartlett shows the older Trager - maybe. This photo of Moreledge is said to show Trager - unfortunately only from behind.
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Post by gregor on Apr 30, 2023 5:15:34 GMT -5
Yes, Ih - tedda / Kate Cross Eyes had two (surviving) children by Geronimo and two by Old Boy (aka Cross Eyes ?). Ih-tedda and Robert Geronimo about 1940 Mescalero Census 1894 Mescalero Census 1901 Mescalero Census 1902 / here we read for the first time of Robert and Lenna Geronimo
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Post by gregor on Mar 9, 2023 4:47:52 GMT -5
I found this photograph on SIRIS. Smithsonian states it shows Bloody Knife, but I´m not sure about this. Any opinion? Arikara man, Bloody Knife and Mr De Frane (by anonymous photographer) Copy from print furnished by Mrs Frances De Frane, Dawson, Nebraska. A picture also appears in "The Fighting Norths and Pawnee Scouts," by Robert Bruce (paper bound booklet in Bureau of American Ethnology Library, page 28.) Born with the Hunkpapas, [N.D.]. His father was a Hunkpapa Sioux, his mother an Arikara. He became a famous warrior and chief with his mother's tribe and served with Custer in the Black Hills in 1876. [1874 ?] Was killed while with Reno on the day of the Custer massacre. See biography in Handbook of American Indians by G.B.G. (includes error re the Hunkpapa Reservation. Bloody Knife was born before the Reservation was established. Mrs Frances De Frane's letter of 11-21-28 states that this picture was "taken with my husband when he was a soldier at Fort Helena...sometime before 1876 when Bloody Knife was killed...My husband is wearing a fox skin cap made and given him by Bloody Knife's sister." Dietmar, good afternoon and hope all is well. Sorry but am researching an image taken either by Pywell in 1873 or Illingworth in 1874. I have equal substantiation of each meaning I have no substantiation for either from the records I've been able to locate or folks have provided me. The photograph of the four men - Custer in a camp seat, Bloody Knife, then a white man, then a scout, and kneeling facing those three, another scout. I've seen that kneeling individual identified as "Little Sioux." The man in the photo with De Frane looks like a match. Any help is appreciated...on both. Thanks Dietmar and all best...Rod Hi, you are looking for this one, or? It should be an Illingworth of August 1874. All the best Gregor
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Post by gregor on Feb 5, 2023 9:20:41 GMT -5
"Wendell Grandgaard, "Guns That Talk To Us" by Rex Abrahams Did you know that many Plains Indian warriors clearly marked their firearms as to ownership? Would it surprise you to know that over the years the ability to "read" these markings was held in close secret among the "Wakan" or Holy Man of the tribe? And finally, would it be even more surprising to know this "language" was passed down through a white man? Come to Fort Larned's annual Mess & Muster, Saturday, April 28, 2018, and hear the amazing story of Wendell Grangaard. Wendell will share how over time this ancient secret called Togia, was explained to him by Lakota historian Benjamin Black Elk, son of Nicholas Black Elk and Grandson of Black Elk (John G. Neilhardt's Black Elk Speaks) of the Lakota Sioux. Why Wendell? Come and find out. Wendell and his friend, Steve Livermore, acquired many firearms over the years and now own a treasure trove of documented Indian guns. Wendell's first book, Documenting the Weapons Used at the Little Bighorn, chronicles the location of individual warriors and their guns at this famous battle. He Dog, Rain In the Face, Two Moon, Little Big Man, Dr. Henry Porter, California Joe, and yes, Crazy Horse's 1873 Winchester, all used at the Little Big Horn are documented. If you are a history fanatic and a weapon historian, this is a can't miss opportunity to hear "Guns That Talk To Us." Wendell's story and the history of some of these famous Indian-owned firearms is amazing. He will have several historical weapons with him to show and share this fascinating tale. I have purposely left out one significant firearm from this short list. It is a jaw dropper and could literally rewrite Little Big Horn history. What is it? Be there and find out. Mr. Grangaard plans on bringing it to Fort Larned." www.santafetrailresearch.com/fort-larned/outpost-v28-n2-17.htmlwww.agmuseumstore.com/documenting-the-weapons-used-at-the-little-bighorn.htmlFrom what I can gather, it's a secret language passed on by Benjamin Black Elk to Wendell Grangaard, which has helped him 'authenticate' and attribute guns to various men and, of course, hike up the price - a move which has served to raise doubts. gunsofhistoryauction.com/artifacts/aboutIf you scroll down here, you get a different point of view... www.furtradetomahawks.com/i-want-to-believe---30.htmlI have no horse in the race, but I suspect you're thinking what I am... Yeah, we're probably thinking along the same lines. No one will doubt that this are weapons at auction that were commonly used in the Indian wars. But whether these are weapons of such well-known people as Sitting Bull or Crazy Horse? I have my doubts.There is a lot of money involved in such ventures. McLaughlin purportedly removed several items from the Sitting Bull cabin, no doubt understanding their future value as souvenirs. Some reports say 5 weapons were confiscated (or stolen ), some say only two. E.g. : Photographer Barry was presented with 1 Sharps by McLaughlin. Some of Sitting Bull's weapons are known or were in auctions before, e.g. Sitting Bull‘s Winchester 1866The Smithsonian Institution owns a Winchester Model 1866 Carbine, said to have belonged to Sitting Bull. This was the only „Sitting Bull gun“ confiscated by Maj. David H. Brotherton, Fort Buford in 1881. Serial No. 124335, round barrel, Cal .44. Ornamented with Brass tacks, and carved with letters „S B“. Manufactured in 1875. Ernie Lapointe with this SB gun „Sitting Bull‘s Winchester“ Model 1866 carbineThis „Sitting Bull Winchester“ was was auctioned by Bonhams in 2008. Serial no. 126747 for 1876, .44 caliber. 20 inch barrel. The catalog states #126747 was shipped from the Winchester factory in March of 1876. This gun „was given by Sitting Bull to Dr. Nicholas Senn for attending to the chief in his later life“. Dr. E.J Senn, who donated the gun in 1921 to the Chicago Historical Society. Dr. Nicholas Senn, 1844-1908, had a long and distinguished career as a surgeon in Wisconsin and Illinois and as a professor of surgery at a number of universities. He was Surgeon-General of the National Guard of Wisconsin in 1882. Hmm, I never heard of a Dr. Senn in relation to Sitting Bull .... Sitting Bulls Winchester 1876This Winchester Model 1876 lever action rifle - also known as the “Centennial Rifle” – was produced for several calibers. Sitting Bull’s is chambered in .45/75 WCF. According to the serial number (3536) it was produced in 1877 – so, no LBH gun! The rifle was supposedly recovered from Sitting Bull’s cabin on the day he was killed (December 15, 1890). Agent James McLaughlin became the first owner of this „Sitting Bull’s rifle“. But .... No serial number was documented by McLaughlin. 1932 attorney Walter H. Robinson acquired this rifle from the Bank of West Hollywood, which belonged to SB – allegedly. 1965 Parker Whedon of Charlotte, North Carolina, purchased the rifle from Robinson’s widow. In a 1968 (!) affidavit Chief William Red Fox of the Oglala Tribe (!) attested that the Model 1876 Winchester serial number 3536 it was in his opinion “an authentic ‘Indian’ rifle of the kind in general use by the Sioux in the Dakotas during the 1880s. July 2000 the rifle was auctioned by Christie’s Nov 2000 the rifle was auctioned again by Little John’s Auction Service (between $40,000 and $60,000) 2015 owner is the James D. Julia, Inc. 2022 this rifle (serial number 3536) was auctioned again by Cowan’s (sold for $132,000) Sitting Bull weapons now on Guns of History action (2023)Sitting Bull’s 1873 1st Model Winchester Deluxe Rifle S/N 21417 Sitting Bull’s 1866 Winchester SRC S/N 134564 Sitting Bull’s 1866 Winchester Carbine S/N 27147 Sitting Bull/Little Soldier’s Model 1866 Winchester SRC S/N 36899 Sitting Bull/Old Bull’s 1866 Winchester Rifle S/N 152146 1866 Winchester Musket S/N 31817 All this weapons have the name Sitting Bull / Slow „ written in togia“ on it. Maybe Tom Hanks and the Illuminati should solve this mystery. Wow! Maybe Sitting Bull had a gun shop
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Post by gregor on Feb 1, 2023 8:32:19 GMT -5
Does anyone have any information about this strange "Language in Togia" thing? Couldn't find anything on the internet about this. It will hardly be a language / dialect of the Samoan Islands or of the Togian Islands in the Gulf of Tomini, Celebes (Sulawesi). It's all very mysterious.
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Post by gregor on Dec 19, 2022 11:24:42 GMT -5
It is hard to identify a person from these photographs. Naiche seems to be present in the first one. Maybe this photo helps
Officers from the Reformed Church of America, Mescalero 1916
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Post by gregor on Dec 17, 2022 12:47:26 GMT -5
Yes, Big Rib(s) - Oglala (?). I'm skeptical about the woman. I don't think it's Lola Montez. Attached is a photo of Lola with the Cheyenne Alights-on-a-Cloud .... and some minutes later ... aahhh, should have read all the posts Ok, Red Plume !
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Post by gregor on Dec 2, 2022 6:46:59 GMT -5
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Post by gregor on Nov 29, 2022 12:56:24 GMT -5
Dietmar: About 1906, there was an attempt by the agent at Pine Ridge to assign Christian names to all Lakota on the reservation and Yellow Bear was listed in the name ledger book as McKinley Yellow Bear. But I have seen no evidence that the name stuck. In the census records, he is always referred to as simply Yellow Bear. Ephriam After Wounded Knee, Santee Dr. Charles Eastman (Ohiyesa, 1858-1939) and his wife left Pine Ridge. The couple relocated to St. Paul, Minnesota, where Eastman practiced medicine. He eventually held different government jobs. He proposed and for some time headed a federal project to give Native Americans Anglicized names. In combination with a Christian first name the personal Names of fathers became the surname, e. G. the daughter of Sitting Bull - Standing Holy - became Mary Sitting Bull (later - married - Mary Spotted Horse).
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Post by gregor on Sept 23, 2022 10:40:19 GMT -5
Years ago I compiled some biographical data about White Thunder for a German magazine. This is a quick translation White Thunder Brulé / Wazhazha (1838 – 1884) Wakinyan Ska About 1838 Wakinyan Ska or White Thunder , a later Brulé Chief, was born in a Wazhazha camp. Almost nothing is known about his parents and his childhood. About the year 1866 we find white Thunder in one oft he Loafer camps around Fort Laramie. According to Susan Bordeaux Bettelyoun White Thunder, who was a cousin of her mother Huntkaluta Win, was born in the winter „canhasan wakpala el titanka wan kagapi“ („When the Sioux build a dirt lodge on White Cottonwood Creek“), which must have been around 1838, as mentioned before. In his younger years Wakinyan Ska often took part in war parties with a good reputation as warrior and later as a leader or blotahunka. In 1855 or 1857 White Thunder accompanied a Lakota war party – Wazhazhas and Brulés - under Spotted Tail down the Loup River. Also present were the prominent Brulé wariorrs Two Strike and Iron Shell. Their destination was a Pawnee or Omaha village, where they hoped to find prized mexican horses. The Lakotas succeeded in obtaining some horses. On their way back home, they were pursued by Omahas. When it came to a fight, White Thunder killed a noted Omaha – halfbreed interpreter Logan Fontenelle (1825 – 1855/57). In the aftermath of the Sand Creek Massacre and its retribution by a Cheyenne-Lakota alliance, U.S. military leaders decides to remove the Lakota loafers from Fort Laramie to Fort Kearney, where they would be away from the war zone. By early June 1865 about 1,500 Lakotas camped in the vicinity of Fort Laramie. On June 11, these friendliy Lakotas and a number of white traders with their mixed-blood families left nonvoluntary the post with an escort of about 20 Cavalry troopers under the command of Captain William Fouts. On June 13 the caravan camped at Horse Creek, near the site of the Fort Laramie Treaty Council of 1851. Captain John Wilcox reported on June 21, 1865 to his headquarter what happend next: „Late in the evening the Indians had a dog feast, and three hundred and eighty-two warriors sat in secret [?] council.“ At that council the majority oft he chiefs and headmen decided not to move on and to live unprotected close to their Pawnee enemies. When Capt. William D. Fouts ordered decampment the next morning, the Lakotas did not respond and remained in camp. And when Fouts interfered in an persisting argument between the opportunist and resistance party, the morning ended in disaster. In later times Brulés reported that head soldier White Thunder turned around and fired at the high tempered and unlucky commander. Fouts was shot in the his head and immediately killed. All of the remaining Lakotas left the camp ground in a hurry and fled north. This incident got known as the battle of Horse Creek. During the next months, Spotted Tail’s Brulés and the Loafers kept themselves away from the whites, hovering over the Powder River country. In 1870 Spotted Tail and Brulé chiefs visited Washington, where peace negotiations led to the first Lakota reservations. At that time the Brulés were allowed to move their camps to the upper White River, where the new “Whetstone Agancy” was established. About this time (1871) White Thunder was a scout for General George Crook and later a Police Officer. Later White Thunder also was involved in the arrest of Crazy Horse in 1877 in Spotted Tail‘s camp. Together with Black Crow, Spotted Tail’s son-in-law, he guarded Red Bear‘s Sans-Arcs camp, where Crazy Horse stayed overnight. On the morning of September 5, 1877, White Thunder accompanied Crazy Horse, Lieutenant Jesse M. Lee and others on their way to Camp Robinson, where Crazy Horse met his fate. According to military records, he died before midnight on September 5. In August 1879 Captain Richard H. Pratt, the founder oft he new training school for Indians in Carlisle, visited Rosebud Agency. In the end he succeeded in persuading the Rosebud chiefs to entrust him their children to his care. According to Luther Standing Bear, White Thunder sent his son Wica-karpa or Knocked-It-Off to Carlisle. One day Knocked-It-Off complained that he felt sick and he stayed out of school. After two days Knocked-It-Off died. White Thunder was infuriated. When he visited Carlisle in June 1880 he demanded that the corpse of his son should be transfered to Rosebud, which was denied. Later he requested to place a tombstone over the grave. But the school authorites would take no action. On August 5, 1881 Spotted Tail was assassinated by Crow Dog. This murder was a starting signal for a lasting power struggle for Brulé leadership on Rosebud Reservation. The main opponents were Young Spotted Tail (Sinte Gleska Cikala) and White Thunder. Neither of them could fill the gap Spotted Tail had left. The rivalry escalated in 1884 when Young Spotted Tail eloped with White Thunder’s young wife (Rosa White Thunder?). In retaliation White Thunder stole Young Spotted Tail’s horses and killed them all. That was the last straw. On May 29, 1884 Young Spotted Tail and fellow Thunder Hawk rode up to White Thunders camp at Scabby Creek and lured the older chief and his father into a trap, killing both. In later years Susan Bordeaux Bettelyoun claimed that Spotted Tail was instigated by Turning Bear, who told him that he was cheated out of his rightful heritage. White Thunder was a tall handsome man, with long wavy hair and light complexion. His fellows held him in high esteem, as an unusually courageous and brave warrior. After 1868 he was regarded as a progressive on the reservation. But reservation life gnawed on his health. When Alice Cunningham Fletcher visited the Rosebud reservation, she wrote down in her fieldwork diary for October 15, 1881: „White Thunder. Lives in a large log house. He is not well, has not been since in Washington. Mr. Tibbles said inflammation of the left lung and malaria. He prescribes quinine. … White Thunder was on the bed. …. A young comely girl came in, brought in meat and looked bright and pleasing. This was the wife’s younger sister, had been at Carlisle school. She is about eighteen years old. [Rosa?] …I understand that White Thunder wants to marry this girl as his second wife. She declines.“ For his immediate band White Thunder was a good and caring chief. But his abilities to lead a larger unit were small. He never succeeded to gain the position of Spotted Tail Senior. Sources: George E. Hyde
A Sioux chronicle, University of Oklahoma Press, 1993 Spotted Tail's folk: a history of the Brulé Sioux, University of Oklahoma Press, 1974 Susan Bordeaux Bettelyoun
With My Own Eyes: A Lakota Woman Tells Her People's History (with Josephine Waggoner and Emily Levine), University of Nebraska Press, 1999 Kingsley M. Bray
Crazy Horse: A Lakota Life, University of Oklahoma Press, 2008 Sidney L. Harring
Crow dog's case: American Indian sovereignty, tribal law, and United States Law in the nineteenth century, Cambridge University Press, 1994 Luther Standing Bear
My People the Sioux (with Earl Alonzo Brininstool,Richard N. Ellis), University of Nebraska Press, 1995 Cunningham Fletcher
… and of course: www.american-tribes.com/introduction.htm
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Post by gregor on Sept 15, 2022 7:44:54 GMT -5
The story (the characters) of the Stinking Bear family is really hard to fathom. Unlike hreinn, I assume three people named Stinking Bear/Smells the Bear. here are my thoughts: Stinking Bear Senior (grandfather)Stinking Bear Sen. was a noted bear medicine man He had at least two sons - Black Road (Canku Sapa), born about 1835 and - Stinking Bear Jun., born about 1847
Stinking Bear Junior (father to Charlie, 1846/47 - ?)[/u] One descendant - Gerald One Feather (1938 - 2018) - reported, that "Charlie Stinking Bear's father [his GGrandfather ] was married to two sisters of Standing Elk. The sisters were Northern Cheyenne and also had some Yanktonai heritage. Stinking Bear Sen. was a noted bear medicine man and used a bear paw in his healing ceremonies". The Northern Cheyenne Standing Elk was uncle to Stinking Bear, Jr. and Black Road, visionary founder of the Sacred Bow Society among the Oglala." S tinking Bear Junior fought at the LBH (see Cheyenne Memories by John Stand-in-Timber (1967), p.202) Meany Interview, Pine Ridge, July 6, 1907"Once he decided to go on war path and told his friend Hollow-wood about it and that evening they put pemmican in wooden bowl and he called in his four brothers and told them where he was going and said he would erect a sweathouse in morning and have a medicine man forecast in it what was going to happen." " His brother, Black Road, wanted to go on war party, erected sweat house, called in medicine man." Stinking Bear - War party found dead bear and gave offerings to bear and gave name to young man to help on success of war party. Medicine man [his father?] told him he would have long life. He is now 61 [born in 1846] and only little gray hair." "[I/he] Never was medi[icine] man. Don't believe in it for there is one God who is great med. Puts wisdom in heart."
Charles Stinking Bear (1883 – 1940s) Charles Stinking Bear was born about 1883, he died after 1940. See: www.archives.com/1940-census/charles-stinking-bear-sd-20246694According to Donovin Sprague (Pine Ridge Reservation, p.31) Charles married Ida Little Killer - Stinking Bear (1872/74 – after 1915) about 1894. The marriage date seems to be wrong! Charles would have bee 11 years. I think Sprague confused father and son. It is likely that Charles did not marry until around 1910 or later A daughter of Ida & Charles was Elva Stinking Bear (1915 – 2002). Elva married Jackson "Joe" One Feather (1915 – 1971) in the 1930s. Their son was Gerald One Feather (1938 – 2014), founder of Oglala Lakota College (OLC) in Kyle. Gerald One Feather: "My ancestors on my mother's side were medicine men. Charlie Stinking Bear was my mother's father. His [Charlies] father, also named Stinking Bear [my "Stinking Bear jun."], married two sisters of Chief Standing Elk. The sisters were Northern Cheyenne and also had some Yanktonai heritage. Stinking Bear was a noted bear medicine man and used a bear paw in his healing ceremonies." The Stinking Bear of the Meany interview said, he "never was a medicine man", so I assumed, that Gerald was talking about his gg Grandfather. (see de.findagrave.com/memorial/125965723/elva-one_feather and
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Post by gregor on Aug 17, 2022 8:31:20 GMT -5
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