|
Post by gregor on Jan 4, 2014 10:44:53 GMT -5
In the last weeks I read Ella Cara Deloria's "Speaking of Indians", "Waterlily" and "The Dakota Way of Life". Books which are unfortunately to less known - in contrast to Vine Deloria's books. Reading these books I became interested in the Deloria family. A highly interesting family of Yankton/Hunkpapa/White descent. So i decided to write a little article on this family for a german magazine. But first of all I had to collect and to compile some information about the particular members of this family. Believing that we neglectet the Yankton branch af the Dakota / lakota family a little bit, I post some of the information I collected and compiled so far. Feel free to correct me, if I got something wrong.
The working headline of my article is
Mixed Bloods – Half Bloods - Full Bloods: The Delorias
The Delorias is a well-known name among people who are interested in American Indian history and ethnology. Today, some will remember the work of Ella Cara Deloria, an educator, ethnographer, linguist, and novelist. But the best known family member is Vine Deloria Junior. Vine was a well-known American author, professor of political science and theologian of indigenous descent. As director of the National Congress of American Indians, and member of many Native American organizations, as writer and political activist, he fought for the rights of Native American people. Admired and respected by many Native Americans and Whites alike, he was not afraid to carry the academic battles into the “enemy camp”. His weapons of choice were brainpower, wit, satire and sometimes polemic. “What is the meaning of being Indian when scrutinized by a white dominant culture through a stereotypical lens” was his lifelong topic. Deloria was the intellectual twin to street fighter and activist Russell Means. Like Means he was of Sioux descent with a long line of political leaders among his progenitors. Some of the most acknowledged Native American scholars and educators came from the Deloria family. One forebear was a French immigrant, who wrote his name in French style Des Lauriers. Who were these Des Lauriers / Delorias?
The Deslauriers –in the beginning There is little known of the beginnings of this family. In the mid 1750ies we find a Francois DesLauriers, born about 1704 in France, in Montreal. This man had a son François DeLaurier, who was born in 1748 in Canada. Francois Senior died about 1752 in Montreal. The Deloria oral history goes, that around the 1750s two orphan boys from a Huguenot family in France, Philippe and Francois were brought to America. One family tradition holds that the two brothers, worried about the religious persecutions in France, migrated from France. One brother becoming the progenitor of the Dakota Territory Deloria family. It appears that Philippe decided to remain in the Quebec / Nova Scotia / New England triangle area; Francois most likely drifted to Quebec and signed on with a fur trading expedition, operating in the great Lakes area. Maybe Francois came out to the Dakotas from Ft. Vincennes, later Fort Sackville (Indiana)? The Fort was named in honor of François-Marie Bissot, Sieur de Vincennes, who was captured and burned at the stake during a war with the Chickasaw nation in 1735. It seems that the Deslauriers/Deloria story begins here in the late 1700s.
Later we find Francois DesLauriers / Des Lauriers along the Missouri. An old winter count of the Lower Yaktonais Dakota (named “John K. Bear Count” after the last keeper, but attributed to the Yanktonais chief Drifting Goose) says for the winter 1785: "Dakota winyan wan wasicun hiknayan" ("Dakota woman married a white man"). Vine Deloria Jun. believed that this man was his ancestor, the French Canadian coureur du bois (French trappers, who operated outside the legal structure of the fur trade), Francois DesLauriers. Francois stayed with the Yankton/Lower Yanktonais and married into the tribe. He settled along the Missouri and about 1784 had a son, Francois Xavier or Francis, with this Yankton Woman.
In 1819 there was apparently a French settlement on a “Des Lauriers Island” above today’s Chamberlain and below the Big Bend; long before Fort Tecumseh and later Fort Pierre were established. This Island was also called “Laurel Island” (“from Isle de Lauriers”, Laurel = Laurier). Maybe one of the Des Lauriers / Delorias had established a trading post there. And the French had a long tradition in trading with Siouan tribes - beginning in the 17th century. In one of Pierre Choteau's companies on the Missouri we find briefly a “Deslauriers” listed as partner. Was this man Francis?
Francis married Mazaicunwin, a Blackfeet Lakota woman, and their son, later known as Saswe, was born in 1816. In June 1816 William Clark and Auguste Chouteau signed at St. Louis a treaty with 8 Sioux band (“the Siouxs of the Leaf, the Siouxs of the Broad Leaf, and the Siouxs who shoot in the Pine Tops”), apparently Dakotas and possibly Yankton and/or Yanktonais. One signee was a chief Kanggawashecha, translated as “French Crow”(!), and another signee an interpreter Henry Delorier. Do we here have two members of the widely ramified DesLauriers family? Over the decades the offspring of Philippe and Francois must have spread across the West. But maybe there was another family branch from France. In 1846 we find a "Deslauriers" in Francis Parkman's Oregon Trail. Was Francois (Saswe?) the "muleteer" simply referred to as "Deslauriers" in Parkman's book? And about 1859 we find Francis Deloria (most likely Saswe) near Greenwood on the Yankton Sioux Reservation.
So, what do we have? From church registers and censuses we know the following persons:
First Generation Francois Deslauriers (? -?, in France?) He had the following child with an unknown Yankton/Lower Yanktonais woman: Francis was born about 1784, Dakota Territory, along the Missouri.
Second Generation Francis Deloria (Francois Deslauriers), born about 1784. He married Mazaicuwin (Sihasapa Lakota), abt. 1800. They had the children Mary, Julia, Francois.
Third Generation Mary, born 1802. Mary died September 15, 1873 in Deloria's Camp, Yankton Agency, Dakota Territory. Julia (Judiwin) born 1804. Julia died November 11, 1897 in Yankton Agency, Charles Mix Co, SD. She married three times. Francois (Saswe), born in Crow Creek, Dakota Territory, Fall 1816. Francis died October 19, 1876 in Wood's Camp, Yankton Agency, Dakota Territory.
Francois (Saswe)married three times. Anpetu Icagapiwin [Growing Day Woman], born in Dakota Territory 1824. She died after 1909 in Yankton Agency, Charles Mix Co, SD Tatedutawin. [Red Wind Woman] ? “Mary” Sihasapawin [Blackfoot Woman] in Greenwood, Charles Mix Co, Dakota Territory, April 27, 1873. Mary was born in Owl River, Dakota Territory 1827. Mary died September 18, 1899 in Yankton Agency, Charles Mix Co, SD.
|
|
|
Post by gregor on Jan 4, 2014 10:47:51 GMT -5
Saswe or Francois Deslaurier (1816-1876)The first Episcopalian services were conducted at the Yankton Agency on July 17, 1859. That was a primitive early agency, and the Episcopal missionaries found hostile resistance from the Roman Catholic Church, already established. A Jesuit Priest, Father DeSmet, had been there well before the Protestants. What converts lived there at the future site of Fort Randall were already baptized Catholics. The remaining souls preferred their traditional life and had no interest in the story of Christianity. A Board of Indian Commissioners was convened to administer to the needs of the Indians, including their spiritual well-being. Several of the board members were selected from religious denominations, along with a number of philanthropies. The Episcopal Church was assigned seven agencies in the Dakota Territory to begin their missionary work. The call for a missionary to take charge of the Yankton Agency was answered by the Rev. Joseph W. Cook. He arrived in August 1870, and immediately hired an Indian crier to circle several miles below the agency announcing that the Episcopal Church was completed and all were invited to attend. Among those who had requested an Episcopal missionary was a Yankton chief of mixed blood, whose tribal name was Saswe, a Dakota corruption of Francois. He was the father of Tipi Sapa, destined to become the famous Philip Deloria. Saswe - also known as Francois, Francis or Frank Deloria - was a chief and a famous medicine man of the Yankton Sioux- Magaska Wicoti (White Swan Camp). In 1858 Saswe signed as “E-ha-we-cha-sha” (Hinhan Wicasa, “Owl man”) the Yankton Treaty. When visiting Washington in 1867 with Struck-by-the-Ree, he received government recognition as “Chief of the Yankton half-breed band”. About 1858 this band had been organized by agency leaders and was called the wasicu cinca (“white man’s sons” or “half-breed band”) or “8th band” of the Yanktons. Saswe became the first leader of this band. Saswe Saswe married a prominent woman of the Blackfeet Sioux band, Shihasapawin or Blackfeet Woman. She was the daughter of Bear Foot, a famous Sihasapa chief, and sister of the famous chief Mad Bear and his brothers, Walks-in-the-Wind and Tiger. Shihasapawin was a woman of great dignity and reputation, and was held in high esteem by members of her tribe. Marrying into a band so far away guaranteed that no close blood relationship existed between the couple. Saswe and his family often travelled up and down the Missouri so that his wife could spend time with her family. In the first years of their marriage Saswe and his wife became parents of three daughters; but no son. The failure to produce a man-child was a source of great unhappiness, but finally a son arrived. Altogether they had six children: Tusunkeoyedutawin (Alice), Tunkanicagewin (Anna), Wakancekiyewin (Sarah), Tipi Sapa ( Philip Joseph Deloria), Ziwina (Carrie), and Tusunkawakanwin (Euphrasia). Three of the children, Alice, Sarah, and Philip, were born on the Grand River in northern South Dakota, suggesting that Saswe's band quite frequently visited the Hunkpaps and Blackfeet Sioux. Since Saswe was a prosperous medicine man, he had two other wives, Tatedutawin and Apetuicagapinwin, by whom he had seven other children who were listed in the Yankton Mission register. It is said that he had twenty-two children, eighteen girls and four boys. Perhaps only those children who lived near him on the Yankton Reservation and were baptized by the Episcopal missionary had their names and birth places recorded. Finally in 1870 Saswe himself agreed to be baptized, and he not only became a Christian but in 1874 he also formally married Sihasapawin, the Blackfeet Sioux woman, according to the white man's way. He stopped living with the other two wives, one of whom went back to her people at Crow Creek, where most of the Yanktonais now settled.
|
|
|
Post by gregor on Jan 4, 2014 10:59:02 GMT -5
Philip Joseph Deloria or Tipi Sapa (1854 – 1931?)The first-born son of Saswe was delivered in a tepee some three miles from the present-day city of Mobridge, South Dakota, in 1854. He was named Tipi Sapa, or Black Lodge, to commemorate a vision which came to Saswe one night. Later he was called Philip Joseph Deloria. In 1874 Philip Joseph Deloria became a catechist and after 1883 an Episcopal priest, aka Tipi Sapa (Black Lodge), a leader of the Yankton/Nakota band of the Sioux Nation. Tipi Sapa is featured as the first Dakota Christian minister to his own people. Among their descendants are Vine Deloria, Jr. and Ella Deloria, noted Yankton Sioux scholars and writers. Both Tipi Sapa and his father, Saswe, were baptized on Christmas Day, 1870, in the mission church at the Yankton Agency. They had already adopted white names. Saswe, being of mixed blood, was the chief of the "half-breed" segment of the Yankton Sioux. His father had been a French trapper, so Saswe decided his own name should be Francois des Lauriers. It was soon anglicized to "Frank Deloria'. His son, Tipi Sapa, adopted the white man's name of Philip Deloria following his reception into the Episcopal Church. Philip Joseph Deloria As a young man Philip Deloria had converted to Christianity and renounced his claim to chieftainship; ultimately he became one of the first two Sioux to be ordained priests in the Episcopal Church. In 1890 he was placed in charge of St. Elizabeth’s Church and boarding school, at Wakpala, South Dakota, on Standing Rock Reservation. There he came in contact with Sitting Bull and his followers. Sitting Bull, aloof and distant, ignored the efforts of Philip Deloria to convert him to Christianity. One of his converts, though, was the Hunkpapa War Chief Gall. Gall began attending services at St. Elizabeth's Church at Standing Rock. The fierce looking Sioux chieftain gave close attention to every word of Rev. Deloria's sermons. He remained stern and stone-faced, giving no indication of his inner thoughts. Philip Joseph Deloria’s wife Mary Sully "Akicitawin" (Soldier Woman) was the daughter of General Alfred Sully, the son of Thomas Sully the famous portrait painter. Sully, like his father, was a gifted watercolorist and oil painter himself. In the late 1860ies Philip’s father Saswe was most likely a scout for Alfred Sully, the later father-in-law of his son. And at last the children of the two antagonist peoples married one another. From 1856 to 57, Alfred Sully (1821 - 1879), then a captain in the regular Army, was assigned to Fort Pierre. A fun-loving Irish bachelor, Sully lost no time in taking an Indian wife for his time on the frontier. Sully chose a young Yankton girl named Pehandutawin (Red Heron Woman?). Her English name was apparently Susan. She and Alfred were married according to the Sioux rites and lived at the fort. When Susan became pregnant with Mary she returned to the Yankton Reservation. By mid-1858 she bore him a daughter, Mary or Akicitawin ("Soldier woman"). Mary saw her father once when she was three and he was being reposted and leaving the state. Mary's last memory of the General was when he called her to the fort to say goodbye before he left. She asked him to send her a china doll and that is the last she saw of him. After Sully Pehandutawin married Peter LeGrand. LeGrand was a headman of the Half-Breed Band. He represented Philip when he was unable to attend council meetings because of church business. A biography of Sully, written by Langdon Sully, his grandson, conveniently omitted Sully's alliance with Pehandutawin, although he chose to reproduce a painting Sully had done of her and another Sioux girl, with the enigmatic comment that Sully's later white wife refused to allow him to hang the portrait in their home. She was always called Akicita Woman (Soldier Woman) by tribal members, a name she deeply disliked for understandable reason. Like her paternal grandpa Mary was a skilled painter. She died in 1916. BTW: Sully was buried at Laurel (!) Hill Cemetery, Philadelphia. Is this Pehandutawin with a friend? Cropped version of a photograph of Sully’s watercolour Philip was Mary’s second husband and she had a background almost as strange as Philip's. Mary Sully had repeatedly experienced tragedy in her life. She had married a prosperous mixed-blood rancher named John Bordeaux and they had a ranch on what is now the Rosebud Reservation. They had two daughters, Annie and Rose. One day John took his family to Valentine, Nebraska, where he sold some cattle. They went into the hotel dining room to celebrate their success in the ranching business. While they were eating, some drunken cowboys came out of a saloon down the street and began shooting their pistols indiscriminately at signs and windows. A stray shot went through the window of the hotel dining room and killed John Bordeaux. In an instant, Mary was widowed with two small daughters and little else. In 1889 the first child of Philip and Mary was born: Ella Deloria. Later their family included five daughters and one son, Vine Deloria Senior. According to the 1910 census of Corson County, SD Philip married three times and Mary twice. She gave birth to 7 children of whom 5 survived.
|
|
|
Post by gregor on Jan 4, 2014 11:02:27 GMT -5
Ella Deloria (1889 – 1971) Ella Cara Deloria, who devoted much of her life to the study of the language and culture of the Sioux (Dakota and Lakota), was the first-born child of the Reverend Philip Joseph Deloria and Mary Sully Deloria. She was born January 31, 1889, in the White Swan district of the Yankton Sioux Indian Reservation in southeastern South Dakota, near the present town of Lake Andes. In commemoration of the blizzard that raged the day of her birth, she and was named Beautiful Day Woman (Aŋpétu Wašté Wiŋ).
Her parents both descended from Yankton Dakota (Sioux) and Euro-American ancestors. Both of Ella’s parents had had children by previous marriages. As a young man Philip Deloria had converted to Christianity and renounced his claim to chieftainship; ultimately he became one of the first two Sioux to be ordained priests in the Episcopal Church. In 1890 he was placed in charge of St. Elizabeth’s Church and boarding school, at Wakpala, South Dakota, on Standing Rock Reservation. Because the community members were primarily Hunkpapa and Blackfoot Tetons (Lakotas), the Deloria family adopted the L dialect of the Tetons in place of the D dialect of the Yanktons. Therefore Deloria, a Yankton, grew up speaking the Lakota dialect of the Sioux language. However, she did speak in the Yankton dialect with her father.
Ella Deloria, very gifted and intelligent, was brought up at St. Elizabeth’s mission school. She attended different Colleges and at last Columbia University in New York, where she graduated with a Bachelor degree in 1915. In 1915 Ella also met and worked with American Anthropology icon Franz Boas and began a professional association with him until his death in 1942. She had the advantage for her work on American Indian cultures of fluency in Dakota, Lakota, and Nakota dialects of Sioux, in addition to English and Latin. Boas often contacted her to translate and analyze Dakota and Lakota Sioux texts. Deloria's work with Boas brought her first paying job - $18.00 a month. In 1916, Deloria's mother died and she had – at least partially - to assume the role of provider for her family Through her life she suffered from not having had the time (and the money) necessary to take an advanced degree, largely because of her commitment to the support of her family; her father and step-mother were elderly and her sister Susan depended on her financially.
During her work with Boas Deloria met and worked also with his students Margaret Mead and Ruth Benedict. In the public perception Ella had to step back behind Mead and Benedict unjustly. Many regarded her as simply a secretary, although it appears that Boas regarded her as a colleague. Her linguistic abilities and her intimate knowledge of traditional and Christianized Sioux culture, together with her deep commitment both to American Indian cultures and to scholarship, allowed Deloria to carry out important, often ground-breaking work in anthropology and ethnology. Some of her most relevant – and to rarely read - Works are Speaking of Indians (1944, reprinted 1998) and her novel Waterlily, written in the 1940ies and released posthumous in 1988.
|
|
|
Post by gregor on Jan 4, 2014 11:04:38 GMT -5
Vine Deloria Senior (1901 – 1990) Vine Senior was the last child of Philip J. Deloria’s third marriage. His older sisters were Ella and Susan. Ella, a gifted linguist and ethnographer, later worked with the anthropologist Franz Boas. After his mother’s Mary death in 1916, he was sent to a military boarding school, which was run by Episcopalians. In the mid-1920ies he played Football for the St. Stephens College. Vine, whose Dakota name Ohiya meant “Winner”, was raised to a skilled athlete, a football player never avoiding a competition. In 1925 “Pete” as he was called by his classmates, was elected captain of his football team. And Football took him to New York, where he studied Episcopal Church Theology and met his fate. In spring 1931 Ella Deloria introduced Barbara Eastburn to her brother Vine. She was a somehow WASP, working for American Telegraph & Telephone (AT&T). And she was an offspring of an open minded family of Dutch heritage.
Within six weeks, he married Barbara Eastburn (1908 - ?) of New York and in May 1932 the newly wed returned to South Dakota. In October 1932 the couple moved to Martin on the Rosebud Reservation, where Vine for 15 years was responsible for the community of the All Saints Church. In the 1950s Vine Sr. was a close friend of Felix Renville, Sr. when he was an Episcopal minister serving on the Lake Traverse Reservation in northeast South Dakota. It is said that both of these elders were marvelous story tellers - men who spoke with verve and power, emphatic gesture and subtle modulation - in the tradition of Dakota orators. Vine Deloria Sr. died on Feb. 26. 1990 at a nursing home in Tucson, Ariz. He was 88 years old.
|
|
|
Post by gregor on Jan 4, 2014 11:14:00 GMT -5
Vine Deloria Junior (1933 – 2005) Vine Deloria Junior is one the most important and acknowledged voice for indigenous rights of Native American descent. Intelligent, formal educated and gifted with natural leadership qualities of at least four generations, he became the principal leader in the fight for Native American Rights in the US in the 20th century.
In 1933 Vine was born at Wakpala SD and - by request of his father Philip Deloria – was enrolled in Standing Rock, but spent his childhood on the Pine Ridge Reservation. Because of his Yankton heritage the “Standing Rock tribe” had to adopt the youngster to make that happen. The tribal council voted to adopt him and then he was enrolled. Vine Deloria, Jr., as the son and grandson of Episcopal priests and heir to a bicultural tradition of leadership, grew up fluent in Dakota and Lakota Sioux dialects and deeply imbued with the cultural traditions of his people. In 1951, after receiving his elementary education in reservation schools, he attended St. James School, an Episcopal high school in Faribault, Minnesota. Upon graduating in 1954 he joined the marines, where he served until 1956, and then entered Iowa State University in Ames. At first Vine carried on a family tradition and studied Theology, but later he earned a degree in law.
Deloria received a bachelor of science degree in 1958, and that year he married Barbara Jeanne Nystrom of Swedish descent, with whom he had three children. Their son Philip was born in 1959. Daniel was born in 1960, and a daughter, Jeanne, was born in 1963. Deloria attended Augustana Lutheran Seminary in Rock Island, Illinois. His father-in-law secured him a job as a welder, and Deloria spent days studying theology and nights building the front panels of International Harvester trucks. In 1963 he received a master's degree in theology. But Vine went on an studied Law and later Political Science.
In 1969 he published “Custer Died For Your Sins” and in 1973 “God Is Red”. In both ground breaking books he reinterpreted science, the history of science and Native American – White relations. In approximately two decades he wrote or edited at least ten books and as many articles that belong in every substantial bibliography related to Native American Studies. Norma Wilson, professor of Native American literature at the University of South Dakota, emphasized how Deloria employs the art of argument, presenting new interpretations of past events through the use of irony.
Deloria died on November 13, 2005, in Golden, Colorado from an aortic aneurysm. ______________________________________________________________________________________
That's all for now. Toksha Gregor
|
|
|
Post by emilylevine on Jan 5, 2014 14:02:56 GMT -5
Nice work, Gregor! I had the pleasure to meet Phil Deloria (Vine, Jr.'s son) a few years ago. He is carrying on the family tradition with his teaching at the University of Michigan and his own writing: Indians in Unexpected Places. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1999. ISBN 978-0-7006-1459-2. Playing Indian. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998. ISBN 978-0-300-08067-4. See www.lsa.umich.edu/ac/people/americanculturefaculty/ci.deloriaphilipj_ci.detailAlso of interest is the Ella Deloria Archive, an on line repository of her notes, manuscripts, etc.: zia.aisri.indiana.edu/deloria_archive/index.phpand Ella's sister Susan, a painter who used her mother's name (Mary Sully) for her artwork. I think she did the drawings in Speaking of Indians.
|
|
|
Post by kingsleybray on Jan 6, 2014 4:49:07 GMT -5
According to my friend Chris Ravenshead, the Sans Arc chief Yellow Hawk (born c. 1820) was married to Julia Des Lauriers. Their children included Stephen Yellow Hawk (born c. 1847) and Bear Ears (Samuel Yellow Hawk).
Is this the same Julia whose dates you give as 1804-1897, gregor?
The Yellow Hawk family had a permanent camp at Peoria Bottom on the east side of the Missouri river. In 1868-69 Gen. Harney had some agency buildings put up there, which the Yellow Hawks lived in. This site was off the reservation but the family filed to homestead the location in 1879. The Riggs Episcopal mission was nearby and the Yellow Hawks were enthusiastic supporters of it.
My feeling is that the Yellow Hawks were an extended family within the old Minishala (Red Water) band of the Sans Arcs.
|
|
|
Post by kakarns on Jan 6, 2014 5:18:00 GMT -5
gregor, I agree with emilylevine, you did a great job putting this together. Several things in your thread has caught my attention. First of all, the mention of the names, Black Lodge. Second, the mention of the association with the White Swan Camp. Third, the mention of Auguste Chouteau. In my recent research of the Sarpi (aka), Sarpy family, I have also noticed the mention of the Chouteau family name. It would be very helpful if, someone were able to translate the American Indian names that you have listed as Saswe or, Francios Deslaurier's children listed in the part of your thread listed below; "In the first years of their marriage Saswe and his wife became parents of three daughters; but no son. The failure to produce a man-child was a source of great unhappiness, but finally a son arrived. Altogether they had six children: Tusunkeoyedutawin (Alice), Tunkanicagewin (Anna), Wakancekiyewin (Sarah), Tipi Sapa (Philip Joseph Deloria), Ziwina (Carrie), and Tusunkawakanwin (Euphrasia). Three of the children, Alice, Sarah, and Philip, were born on the Grand River in northern South Dakota, suggesting that Saswe's band quite frequently visited the Hunkpaps and Blackfeet Sioux. Since Saswe was a prosperous medicine man, he had two other wives, Tatedutawin and Apetuicagapinwin, by whom he had seven other children who were listed in the Yankton Mission register. It is said that he had twenty-two children, eighteen girls and four boys. Perhaps only those children who lived near him on the Yankton Reservation and were baptized by the Episcopal missionary had their names and birth places recorded. Finally in 1870 Saswe himself agreed to be baptized, and he not only became a Christian but in 1874 he also formally married Sihasapawin, the Blackfeet Sioux woman, according to the white man's way. He stopped living with the other two wives, one of whom went back to her people at Crow Creek, where most of the Yanktonais now settled." Thank you ! kakarns Read more: amertribes.proboards.com/thread/1975/delorias#ixzz2pbw4w4pS
|
|
|
Post by kakarns on Jan 6, 2014 5:32:25 GMT -5
Kingsley, You have mentioned a name that is also included in the Sarpi (aka), Sarpy information that I have been researching. Below is a quote from Stephen Yellow Hawk:
Notes for MARY "WHITE WOMAN" SARPY: Heirship papers of Emma Pearman Dolphus dated 12-15-1980 Say that she died before allotments.
State of South Dakota, County of Dewey
I, Stephen Yellow Hawk being first duly sworn according to law, depose and say:
That I have known Bazile Claymore, Sr., for over fifty years, and during these years knew him well, and was well acquainted with his wife, who was my niece, a half-breed Indian woman, known as White Woman; that I do not know her English name; that White Woman was a Sans Arc Sioux, and that I saw her draw rations and annuities, and that she was recognized as a Sioux Indian woman; that I belong to the Sans Arcs band of Sioux Indians, and that I am now living on the Cheyenne River Reservation, South Dakota.
Stephen Yellow Hawk His thumb print
Subscribed and sworn to before me this 5th day of October, 1908 Lawrence B. Michael Sup't & S.D. Agent.
Refer: Theodore Jr. Rousseau
kakarns
|
|
|
Post by kingsleybray on Jan 6, 2014 5:45:42 GMT -5
Mary Sarpy was the daughter of Thomas Sarpy, the trader killed accidentally at the Oglala Post on South Cheyenne river in 1832. Her mother was Her Good Ground, a Sans Arc. This seems to mean that Yellow Hawk sr (Stephen's father) was a 'brother' to Her Good Ground. Great detail. The father of Her Good Ground is said to be a Sans Arc chief called Rotten Body or Stinking Ribs. Perhaps he is the father of Yellow Hawk I.
The Sarpys were an old trading family in Missouri, so it's not surprising that they should show connections to the Chouteaus.
I have Mary Sarpy's dates as 1831-1892, married Basil Clement (Claymore).
Thomas Sarpy was previously married to Woman Ahead of the Clouds, a daughter of Old Swan, Miniconjou chief, Glaglahecha band. Their daughter was Pelagie, botn about 1830. Pelagie's mother died soon after, and Thomas married Her Good Ground. After Thomas's death his Sans Arc widow married a number of times, becoming the mother of Martin Charger (Sans Arc, Shikshichela band).
|
|
|
Post by gregor on Jan 13, 2014 14:15:00 GMT -5
Kingsley - I read your question until today. Sorry, but I didn't follow the "Julia"-trail. But perhaps you and kakarns gave important clues. We should dig deeper.
|
|
|
Post by kakarns on Jan 14, 2014 4:12:24 GMT -5
Gregor and Kingsley, I knew I had read more about Yellow Hawk in Theodore Junior Rousseau's work on the Sarpy's/Sarpi/Sarpe/Sarpee. Here is a quoted statement from Pelagie Narcelle Sarpe:
"Narcelle's Ranch, Cheyenne River SARPE, Pelagie Narcelle Statement Sept 10, 1899 My father was Lestang Sarpe. I was born at Old Ft. Pierre. Ft. Teton was before my time. There was a place there before my time. I don't know any names. I don't remember Joe LaFramboise. I remember old man DesLaurier's father. DesLauriers and these two woman (successive wives?) of Old Yellow Hawk were brothers and sisters. They are sons and daughters of Old DesLauriers. Old Man DesLauriers built the post on the river where Bill O'Donnell and Wood lived. Their trading post was 3 or 4 miles this side (up river of Rousseau. This is where DesLauriers built the post, but it didn't last long. He established a post down on Crow Creek, and between there and Campbells, and moved to this place where Wood and O'Donnell were, and there he quit. Maybe there is a place at Teton post, but I don't remember it. There is another place I heard of, at Cedar Island. That is Dario Island. The place was blowed up the stores were blowed up with powder. I am 70 years and a month old. Mrs. Claymore's mother was living with Halsey, and my father took the old woman away from Halsey, and there Mrs. Claymore was born. She was living with old man Sarpe at the mouth of Rapid Creek, and he blew up. My mother died 5 days after I was born, at old Ft. Pierre. My husband (Paul Narcelle) was 82 years old when he died. He was born in 1816. (this last statement made by Rosseau) The post at Rapid Creek was not a regular post, it was a branch post of the American Fur Co."
I have removed the last sentence from Pelagie's quoted statement which, discloses some private info. of a burial site of Bear Rib. Out of respect. [kakarns]
It may be a little early but, perhaps later, we can combine all of this info into one thread somehow. Which will be difficult because of it's relevance to several other postings. Just a thought.
Refer: Theodore Junior Rousseau
kakarns
|
|
|
Post by kingsleybray on Jan 14, 2014 9:03:50 GMT -5
kim, thanks immensely for this invaluable quotation from the recollections of Pelagie Narcelle (nee Sarpy). It helps us with the backgrounds of a number of intermarried white-Indian robe trade families.
This perhaps belongs in another or new thread, but from a number of sources here are some conclusions about Thomas L. Sarpy's Lakota marriages and activities.
Born near Montreal, March 7, 1810, Thomas Lestang Sarpy moved to St. Louis where he had extensive family connections in the French fur trade community. He was involved, apparently early in 1828, in a notorious scandal involving a prostitute, and his family pulled some fur trade strings. In spring-summer 1828 he was sent up the Missouri to the American Fur Company's Sioux country hq, Fort Tecumseh. Late summer or early fall 1828 he concluded a prestigious marriage, marrying First Cloud Woman (Mahpiya Tokahe-win), a daughter of Miniconjou chief Swan, a prominent ally of the traders and a signatory to the 1825 Atkinson-O'Fallon treaty with the Saone Tetons. His tiyoshpaye was the Glaglahecha or Slovenly band. Born about 1778, Swan lived to be about 100 years old, dying at the Cheyenne River Agency.
Sarpy evidently spent the winter of 1828-29 trading with the Oglalas in their winter camps along the east flank of the Black Hills. The seasons 1828-29 and 1829-30 he seems to have lived in an Oglala tipi. He evidently built a log cabin, grandly named Oglala Post, in 1830, at the confluence of the South Cheyenne with Rapid creek, this location becoming the centre of the Oglala trade before the establishment of Ft Laramie.
Meanwhile First Cloud Woman gave birth in August 1829 to their daughter Pelagie. This was at Ft Tecumseh (nb not Ft Pierre, its successor post, established in 1832). The mother died five days later. Sarpy then 'married' again, by 'taking' the wife of the post clerk-bookkeeper Jacob Halsey. She was a Sans Arc girl, 15 years old, Her Good Ground, the daughter of Minisha (Red Water) band headman Rotten Ribs (Stinking Body), and sister to the later prominent chief Yellow Hawk.
Her Good Ground spent the trading seasons 1830-31 and 1831-32 at Oglala Post with her husband. She bore him two daughters, Elizabeth (evidently born 1830), and Mary (born 1831). On January 19, 1832 Sarpy was killed in an accidental explosion at Oglala Post. Her Good Ground remarried Turkey Head (Sans Arc: Shikshichela band), and bore him a son the famous Martin Charger in 1833. Known as a "fickle" woman, she continued to enjoy an adventurous personal life. A mini-series at least . . . .
|
|
|
Post by kakarns on Jan 18, 2014 6:43:59 GMT -5
Thank you Kingsley and you are welcome. I appreciate your additional detailed input as well. I am humbly thankful for the enormous efforts of my relative Theodore Junior Rousseau and the research that he did.
kakarns
|
|